The present book attempts to review the recently retrieved data on the culture and reconstruct the life of a society that coincides well with the Later Vedic period of Indian History. The book is about the rise of civilization in the Ganga Plains. An uninterrupted cultural occupation of the plains starts much later. The foundations of a civilization that has an unbroken history for the millennia to come were laid down by a culture known in the archaeological parlance as the Painted Grey Ware culture.