The book Microbial Biodiversity in Natural Ecosystem: Modern Trend's is a compilation of works related to ecology and diversity of useful and harmful microbes under natural ecosystem. The book has elaborations on genetic variations of some plant pathogens as well as other useful soil microbes in agricultural lands and effect of climate change in those microbes. It also contains subject related to diversity in phytonematodes and their parasites. The book also highlights microbial diversity under diverse cropping system. There are chapters in the book that highlights metabolite profiling can also be used for assessing microbial diversity. Chapters like multiomics strategies to identify the non culturable microbes also deals with the molecular techniques in assessing microbial diversity. Similarly topics like use of stable isotope probing for molecular identification of uncultivable microbes is also highlighted in the book. Overall, the book is a significant compilation of soil and agricultural microbial diversity in different ecological habitats molecular techniques involved in assessing diversity and impact of climate change on microbial diversity.