CONTENTS:- 1. Introduction. 2. Muslim Attitude Towards Western Education at the Close of the Nineteenth Century. 3. British Efforts and the Muslim Response Between1901and 1947 A.D. 4. Muslim efforts and the Government Response Before and After Independence. 5. Muslim Philanthropic Efforts and Education in Tiruchirappalli and Thanjavur Districts. 6. Socio-economic Changes and the Empowerment of the Muslims. Conclusion