The volume includes a selection of the papers presented during the 18th session of U.P. History Congress held at B. R. Ambedkar University, Agra (8th-9th September, 2007), under the aegis of the Department of Indian History and Culture. In includes articles in English; and articles in Hindi. The contributors include senior historians as well as the young scholars. The volume encapsulates the history of Uttar Pradesh from the earliest times to the present and seeks to brings out many aspects of the society and culture of the region. Hopefully, the present volume includes enough material for those who are interested in the aspects of society and economy of the upper Gangetic Valley during the millennium.