Nanotechnology is the creation and utilization of the materials, devices, and systems through the control of matter on the nanometer-length scale, that is, at the level of atoms, molecules, and supramolecular structure. The essence of nanotechnology is the ability to work at these levels to generate larger structures with fundamentally new molecular organizations. These nanostructures, made with buildings blocks understood from the first principles, are the smallest human-made objects, and they exhibit novels physical, chemical, and biological properties and phenomena. The aim of nanotechnology is to learn to exploit these properties and efficiently manufacture and employ the structures.