The book explains critically the process of formation of the industrial workers into a class and mobilisation of this class in support of the nationalist movement in the Madras Presidency during the period, 1928-1939. It highlights the role of the social and economic milieus, the Indian National congress, the working class organisations, the radical literature, the radical press and the repressive measures of the Colonial State in influencing the class consciousness and promoting the nationalist spirit among the workers.