Among the principal pines found in India Pinus roxburghii commonly known as long leaved pine is the most important. This is one of the least exacting of the Himalayan trees growing sometimes on bare rocks where only a few species are capable of existing. It is a resinous tree capable of yielding resin continuously provided rill method of tapping is adopted. The monograph vividly describes morphology, anatomy, silviculture and management, genetics, growth and yield, utilisation of timber and non-timber products, marketing and protection. A comprehensive bibliography has been compiled, covering all important work done so far. Since this species has great promise in afforestation programmes in degraded areas it is expected that the soils devoid of desirable organic matters, water holding capacity, nutrient availability, etc. can grow chir pine.