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CONTENTS |
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CONTENTS:-
I. Characterizing the ecological, socio-economic, policy and institutional dimensions of shifting agriculture: Regional scale studies:
1. Shifting agriculture in transition: the way forward/P.S. Ramakrishnan.
2. Shifting agriculture: spatio-temporal patterns and processes in North-eastern India/B.K. Tiwari.
3. Rehabilitation of shifting cultivators in the state of Tripura, India/J. Choudhury and M. Das.
4. Swidden agriculture and its evolution in Yunnan, China/Z. Wenjuan and Y. Shaoting.
5. Spatial and temporal variations in shifting cultivation in North-East India: Is sustainable land use possible with Jhum around?/S.K. Barik.
6. Reasons for marginalization and options for improving livelihoods of Jhum farmers: a case study of Tangsas and Nishis in Arunachal Pradesh, India/Uma Shankar and R.C. Sundriyal.
7. Shifting cultivation in North-eastern India -some reflections/H.J. Syiemlieh. Plot and village landscape scale studies:
8. Ecological analysis of agricultural systems of Chakmas in Arunachal Pradesh, India/M. Majumder, A. Arunachalam, U. Melkania, K. Arunachalam, R. Sarmah and D. Adhikari.
9. Analyzing shifting agriculture as a component of village landscape and local livelihoods: a case study in Pehlawn and East Phaileng villages, Mizoram, India/H. Lalramnghinglova and Alfred Malsawmsanga.
10. Analyzing shifting agriculture as a component of village landscape and local livelihoods: a case study in Ailawang Village, Mizoram, India/Tawnenga, U.K. Sahoo, P.C. Vanlalhluna and K. Upadhyaya.
11. Ecology of shifting cultivation in Eastern Ghats of Orissa, India/M.K. Mishra.
12. Shifting agriculture around Dehang-Debang biosphere reserve in Arunachal Pradesh: a landscape ecology perspective/T. Shimrah, R.K. Maikhuri, K.S. Rao and K.G. Saxena.
13. Ecological and socio-cultural lessons from the withering land use system of Muthuvans in Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India/U.M. Chandrashekara.
14. Shifting cultivation in North-East India: a village ecosystem approach/R.K. Maikhuri, K.S. Rao and K.G. Saxena.
15. Shifting agriculture and resource conservation in Nagaland, India/K. Haloi and Jonali Devi.
16. Community perceptions on changes in shifting cultivation - a case study from Manipur, India/S.C. Srivastava.
17. Livelihoods of people living around Namdapha National Park, Arunachal Pradesh, India/R.M. Pant and N. Upadhyaya.
18. Land use change and soil erosion under shifting cultivation in Northern Lao PDR/Oloth Sengtaheuanghoung and Christian Valentin.
19. Shifting agriculture and millet cultivation in Southern Chin state, Myanmar/Ochiai Yukino.
20. Shifting agriculture and agrobiodiversity -a case study from Western Yunnan Province, South-western China/Y. Thang, S. Lixin and Y. XinKai.
II. Improving shifting agriculture for environmental conservation and sustainable livelihoods: Scientific interventions:
21. Analyzing home gardens as a component of village landscape and local livelihood: a case study from Cachar District, Assam, India/Tapasi Das and A.K. Das.
22. Shifting agriculture in Northern Thailand: land use changes and alternative management for sustainable rural livelihoods/Narit Yimyam, Benjavan Rerkasem and Kanok Rerkasem.
23. On-farm agrobiodiversity management in Sikkim Himalaya, India/G.S. Sharma, L. Liang and K. Tanaka.
24. Bun system of shifting cultivation and alternative land use in Meghalaya, India/R.K. Singh, K.K. Satapathy, T.D. Lama and K.M. Bujarbaruah.
25. The alder-based rotation and intercropping systems in Yunnan, China/S. Lixin and L. Liang.
26. Effect of integrated nutrient management on soil fertility and productivity of rice in degraded shifting cultivation lands in North-East India/J. Singh, I.P. Bora and K.N. Barua.
27. Growth strategies of tropical trees and sustainable landscape management in hilly region of North-eastern India/R.P. Shukla.
28. Restoration of degraded forest lands in North-east India/K.S. Rao, R.K. Maikhuri and K.G. Saxena. Policy interventions:
29. Shifting cultivation and development programmes in North-east India with special reference to the hill areas of Assam/G.N. Das.
30. Land allocation program and stabilization of Swidden agriculture in the Northern Mountain region of Laos/K. Tanaka, S. Yakoyama and K. Phalakhone.
31. Forest resources for sustainable development in North-east India/K. Haridasan.
32. Reconciling shifting cultivation with forest and biodiversity policies through dialogue in North-east India/E. Kerkhoff, D. Choudhury and E. Sharma.
III. Synthesis:
33. Analyzing shifting agriculture in relation to environmental conservation and livelihoods of local communities in marginal mountain areas of Asia/K.G. Saxena, L. Liang, K.S. Rao, K. Rerkasem and N. Upadhyaya. |
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DESCRIPTION |
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North-eastern Hill Region of India contiguous with Montane Mainland of South-east Asia covering parts of Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam is a region distinguished globally for a huge biological and cultural diversity and ecosystem services on one hand and marginality in terms of conventional socio-economic indicators of development on the other. Shifting agriculture, the major land use and backbone of rural economy, has been a focal point of development policies and programmes. The policy interventions have been drawn in a field of tension of divergent advocacies and views on sustainability of shifting agriculture. The outcomes of the interventions are far from the stipulated goals of environmental conservation and socio-economic development. This deficiency is rooted in the lacunae in knowledge on ecological, economic and social dimensions of traditional land uses, livelihoods and the modern technologies and institutions. Designing and implementing innovative approaches, which enhance the livelihoods of local communities coupled with environmental conservation to the benefit of the wider regional/global communities, is a challenge to scientists as well as development practitioners. The United Nations University in collaboration with its network partners has been making efforts to meet this challenge. In October 2005 and September 2006, two international workshops were organized jointly by the United Nations University, Tokyo, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi and National Institute of Rural Development-North-East Regional Centre at Guwahati, India to take stock of existing knowledge on interlinkages between shifting agriculture, environmental conservation and livelihoods and to identify deficiencies in the available knowledge delimiting effectiveness of conservation-development policies and programmes. The workshops were attended by a multi-disciplinary group of about 50 scientists from China, India, Japan, Laos, Nepal and Thailand.
This volume is an outcome of the papers presented in the workshop. Editing involved efforts towards bringing some level of uniformity between different papers, reducing redundancy and improving clarity and coherence required for international readership. Editorial process has not interfered with the scientific approaches, data and interpretations presented by the authors. The contents are organized into three sections. Section I includes 20 chapters dealing largely with characterization of ecological, socio-economic, policy and institutional dimensions of shifting agriculture at varied spatial scale (regional, village and plot scale), section II includes 12 chapters dealing with scientific and policy interventions for improving shifting agriculture, environmental conservation and livelihood of local communities and section III provides a synthesis of information in section I and II, and in the process identifying gaps in knowledge and areas of future research and development.
This publication, it is hoped, will be helpful in gaining a comprehensive view of existing state of knowledge on shifting agriculture-environmental conservation sustainable livelihood linkages in a globally significant region of Asia and catalyzing national as well as international efforts towards filling the knowledge gaps. |
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